At the first time when the tariffs were raised, the reporter called the senior members of the China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association and hoped to hear their attitudes and opinions on tariff adjustment. To the surprise of reporters, they all refused to accept the interview for the same reason. "The tariff adjustment, the government department did not solicit the opinions of the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association, and the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association is not convenient to express its opinion in this regard."
The reporter did not interview the relevant staff of the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association. However, through other channels, the interviewed an industry veteran who is familiar with the nitrogen fertilizer association. On many major issues before this, his attitude is consistent with the nitrogen fertilizer association.
He believes that the domestic supply of nitrogen fertilizer is basically balanced, and the current adjustment of tariffs is basically redundant. Since February, the railway has stopped the export of fertilizers. The measures to stop exports have already been put in place.
The rise in urea prices is not because of the large volume of exports, but because of rising costs. The coal-to-plant price of urea production enterprises has already exceeded 1,100 yuan per ton, and individual manufacturers have even reached 1,200 yuan. From last year to the present, the cost price of urea rose by an average of 200 yuan, and the average cost price was around 1,730 yuan, which has exceeded the national maximum price limit. The cost price exceeds the ceiling price, and further subsidies have not been institutionalized, which shows that the management and monitoring system has defects. If the country raises the ceiling price inappropriately, the survival of the enterprise will become a problem.
Now that the country is facing the pressure of rising overall prices, the nitrogen fertilizer industry has not been spared. The issue of urea price increases must be understood in such a macroeconomic environment. From the perspective of industrial division of labor, urea production enterprises belong to the middle reaches of the fertilizer industry, the upstream industry is the supply of coal, and the downstream industry is the consumption of dealers and farmers. In the entire industry chain, coal supply in the upstream industry is a dominant industry, and coal prices have been rising recently. The middle industry cannot transfer the cost completely to the disadvantaged groups in the downstream industry—peasants. In this way, the production companies will bear the burden. Greater economic cost pressures. The regulation of urea should start from the upstream industry, control the increase in coal prices, coordinate the development of the industry chain, and prevent it from entering the malformed structure. At present, some well-known enterprises have very little coal inventories and must not limit production to production cuts.
The industry generally believes that in this round of adjustments, government policymakers consider the angle of view, at the expense of the interests of the industry, to protect the interests of the country's agriculture and overall price stability. However, a senior person in the industry believes that the interests of the fertilizer industry are in line with the overall interests of agriculture, which damages the interests of the fertilizer industry, affects the development of the industry, and will inevitably affect the supply of agricultural fertilizers, and will also damage agriculture in the long run. interest. It is common-sense bias that those who think that losing the interests of the fertilizer industry can protect agricultural interests.
Faced with the recent storm of fertilizer prices, some people proposed a reform management system to fully market the prices of chemical fertilizers. The veteran believes that the price of chemical fertilizers cannot be fully liberalized, otherwise it will damage farmers' ability to purchase fertilizers. Even if the government increases the amount of direct subsidies for agricultural resources, according to the current payment system, it is difficult to ensure that direct subsidies for agricultural resources will be earmarked, and the possibility of shifting productive investment to household consumption will be greater. This is related to the fact that China's per capita cultivated area is relatively small.
A senior person in the industry believes that companies are either operating at a loss or they are raising prices implicitly. In combination with multiple environmental factors, a better solution is to increase the maximum price. The principle of adjustment is to allow companies to maintain a reasonable profit, not to make huge profits, and not to lose money.
It is reported that some time ago, the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association had proposed to raise the quasi-urea price of urea to 1,700 yuan, and the rise rate to 20%, and the highest ex-factory price was 2040 yuan.
Phosphate compound fertilizer industry veterans: The new tariff implementation effect is difficult to determine that the purpose of the country's tariff increase is to suppress the price of domestic fertilizer, as to whether it can really reduce the price of fertilizer after the implementation of domestic, can not give a positive answer.
We need not talk about the impact of the new tariff on potash fertilizer, because China's potash fertilizer mainly depends on imports to meet its needs. The implementation of new export tariffs will have a great impact on the production of phosphate and compound fertilizers. Under the pressure of high costs, it will certainly lead to restrictions on production or even production suspension for some companies.
According to rumors, the export tariffs for phosphate fertilizers have reached 135%. Under the current international market conditions, domestic phosphorus fertilizer exports can be completely suppressed, and the country’s expected goals can be achieved. However, the days for the enterprises are not very good. Personally, I think that, under the conditions that fully satisfy the supply of domestic phosphate fertilizer market, enterprises should be allowed to export some products. In particular, the market situation this year is extremely special. On the one hand, it is the high cost of raw materials. On the other hand, it is the state's strictly controlled price-limit policy. Under the attack from top to bottom, companies must both safeguard their interests and consider the interests of the country. What to do? Can only rely on the difference between the international and domestic to make up for the deficit.
Domestic urea supply exceeds demand, and tariffs are set so high that there may be a serious oversupply in the market and the market will be further chaotic. In the end, they may end up losing both.
In recent years, China’s fertilizer exports have had a certain amount of international influence, and their share has increased year by year. High export tariffs will inevitably affect the supply of international chemical fertilizers, and it is entirely possible that international prices will rise further. The world is connected. As a member of the world's trade activities, China will inevitably be affected by the international market, and domestic prices will also increase.
The reporter did not interview the relevant staff of the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association. However, through other channels, the interviewed an industry veteran who is familiar with the nitrogen fertilizer association. On many major issues before this, his attitude is consistent with the nitrogen fertilizer association.
He believes that the domestic supply of nitrogen fertilizer is basically balanced, and the current adjustment of tariffs is basically redundant. Since February, the railway has stopped the export of fertilizers. The measures to stop exports have already been put in place.
The rise in urea prices is not because of the large volume of exports, but because of rising costs. The coal-to-plant price of urea production enterprises has already exceeded 1,100 yuan per ton, and individual manufacturers have even reached 1,200 yuan. From last year to the present, the cost price of urea rose by an average of 200 yuan, and the average cost price was around 1,730 yuan, which has exceeded the national maximum price limit. The cost price exceeds the ceiling price, and further subsidies have not been institutionalized, which shows that the management and monitoring system has defects. If the country raises the ceiling price inappropriately, the survival of the enterprise will become a problem.
Now that the country is facing the pressure of rising overall prices, the nitrogen fertilizer industry has not been spared. The issue of urea price increases must be understood in such a macroeconomic environment. From the perspective of industrial division of labor, urea production enterprises belong to the middle reaches of the fertilizer industry, the upstream industry is the supply of coal, and the downstream industry is the consumption of dealers and farmers. In the entire industry chain, coal supply in the upstream industry is a dominant industry, and coal prices have been rising recently. The middle industry cannot transfer the cost completely to the disadvantaged groups in the downstream industry—peasants. In this way, the production companies will bear the burden. Greater economic cost pressures. The regulation of urea should start from the upstream industry, control the increase in coal prices, coordinate the development of the industry chain, and prevent it from entering the malformed structure. At present, some well-known enterprises have very little coal inventories and must not limit production to production cuts.
The industry generally believes that in this round of adjustments, government policymakers consider the angle of view, at the expense of the interests of the industry, to protect the interests of the country's agriculture and overall price stability. However, a senior person in the industry believes that the interests of the fertilizer industry are in line with the overall interests of agriculture, which damages the interests of the fertilizer industry, affects the development of the industry, and will inevitably affect the supply of agricultural fertilizers, and will also damage agriculture in the long run. interest. It is common-sense bias that those who think that losing the interests of the fertilizer industry can protect agricultural interests.
Faced with the recent storm of fertilizer prices, some people proposed a reform management system to fully market the prices of chemical fertilizers. The veteran believes that the price of chemical fertilizers cannot be fully liberalized, otherwise it will damage farmers' ability to purchase fertilizers. Even if the government increases the amount of direct subsidies for agricultural resources, according to the current payment system, it is difficult to ensure that direct subsidies for agricultural resources will be earmarked, and the possibility of shifting productive investment to household consumption will be greater. This is related to the fact that China's per capita cultivated area is relatively small.
A senior person in the industry believes that companies are either operating at a loss or they are raising prices implicitly. In combination with multiple environmental factors, a better solution is to increase the maximum price. The principle of adjustment is to allow companies to maintain a reasonable profit, not to make huge profits, and not to lose money.
It is reported that some time ago, the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association had proposed to raise the quasi-urea price of urea to 1,700 yuan, and the rise rate to 20%, and the highest ex-factory price was 2040 yuan.
Phosphate compound fertilizer industry veterans: The new tariff implementation effect is difficult to determine that the purpose of the country's tariff increase is to suppress the price of domestic fertilizer, as to whether it can really reduce the price of fertilizer after the implementation of domestic, can not give a positive answer.
We need not talk about the impact of the new tariff on potash fertilizer, because China's potash fertilizer mainly depends on imports to meet its needs. The implementation of new export tariffs will have a great impact on the production of phosphate and compound fertilizers. Under the pressure of high costs, it will certainly lead to restrictions on production or even production suspension for some companies.
According to rumors, the export tariffs for phosphate fertilizers have reached 135%. Under the current international market conditions, domestic phosphorus fertilizer exports can be completely suppressed, and the country’s expected goals can be achieved. However, the days for the enterprises are not very good. Personally, I think that, under the conditions that fully satisfy the supply of domestic phosphate fertilizer market, enterprises should be allowed to export some products. In particular, the market situation this year is extremely special. On the one hand, it is the high cost of raw materials. On the other hand, it is the state's strictly controlled price-limit policy. Under the attack from top to bottom, companies must both safeguard their interests and consider the interests of the country. What to do? Can only rely on the difference between the international and domestic to make up for the deficit.
Domestic urea supply exceeds demand, and tariffs are set so high that there may be a serious oversupply in the market and the market will be further chaotic. In the end, they may end up losing both.
In recent years, China’s fertilizer exports have had a certain amount of international influence, and their share has increased year by year. High export tariffs will inevitably affect the supply of international chemical fertilizers, and it is entirely possible that international prices will rise further. The world is connected. As a member of the world's trade activities, China will inevitably be affected by the international market, and domestic prices will also increase.
Incoloy refers to a range of superalloys now produced by the Special Metals Corporation (SMC) group of companies and created with a trademark by the Inco company in 1952. Originally Inco protected these alloys by patent.[2] In 2000, the SMC published a 61-page document entitled "High-Performance Alloys for Resistance to Aqueous Corrosion" highlighting Incoloy, as well as Monel and Inconel products, and their use in fluid environments such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, other acids as well as freshwater environments.
Incoloy products are mostly chromium-based and mostly nickel-based, and designed for corrosion resistance as well as strength at high temperatures.
Incoloy alloys belong to the category of super austenitic stainless steels.One advantage is that Incoloy alloys do not have to be heat treated after welding to restore the corrosion resistance.
incoloy 800 composition,incoloy 800 vs 840,incoloy 800 density
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